SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN
Sains Medika is journal of medicine and health, is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from Biomedical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, and Medical Education to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews article, and also interesting case reports.
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<![CDATA[Efficacy Assessment of Lemon Peel Aromatherpy Againts Airborne Bacteria Experimental Study in ICU Room of Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang ]]>
<![CDATA[Sari, Merin Awu]]>;
<![CDATA[Masfiyah, Masfiyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Chodidjah, Chodidjah]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.388
<![CDATA[Background: Healthcare associated infections (HAI) are infections acquired in health care centers such as hospital, clinic or other health care sites due to microorganisms. Research conducted by WHO showed 3-10% of all patients treated in hospitals were victims of HAI and 90% were mainly caused by bacteria, the rest by viruses, fungi or protozoa. Lemon peel aromatherapy is one of the essential oils from plants having antimicrobial activity and are beneficial to health reducing bacterial growth by inhibiting the function of cell membranes. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of lemon peel aromatheraphy againts airborne bacteria.Design and Method: This experimental study used post test only control groups design. The number of airborne bacteria colonies obtained from ICU room of Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang treated with lemon peel aromatherapy at the concentration of 100 % and the control group (-).The data were analyzed for normality using Shapiro Wilk followed by independent T-test Result: independent inT-test Independent showed a significant differences in the number of bacterial colonies between the treated groups receiving 100% concentration of lemon peel aromatherapy and control group (-) (p < 0.045).Conclusion: Aromatherapy extracts of lemon peel has effect on reducing the number of airborne bacteria in the ICU of Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang (Sains Medika, 4(1):71-77).]]>
<![CDATA[Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Competence Based Curriculum and The Accademic Achievement: Evaluation of PBL Implementation ]]>
<![CDATA[Kusumawati, Wiwik]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.382
<![CDATA[Background: Medical Faculties in Indonesia has implemented problem based learning (PBL) in competence based curriculum as a learning strategy. The aim of this study is to know the effect of PBL method on academic achievement and factors affecting successfull PBL implementation.Design and Method: This study used quantitative and qualitative method. Data collection method is by distributing questionnaires, focus group discussion (FGD) and document analysis of students’ academic achievement. This study included 3 year level students (2004, 2005, 2006) using PBL in school of medicine faculty of medicine and health sciences UMY (FMHS UMY).Result: GPA average > 2.5 is 32.47 %, MCQ > 60 is 33.1% and OSCE is 92.8%. The role of tutor and also practical instructor to facilitate learning objective was not optimal. The factors for the poor implementation of PBL includes curriculum planning (understanding of PBL concept and dissemination of curriculum), implementation of curriculum (various of block load, opportunity for self directed learning, e-learning effectivity, etc) and assessment system (the number of students who reach minimal standar of MCQ is low, validity of MCQ is also low, etc).Conclusion: This study suggest the need to improve planning, implementation and curriculum assessment to support implementation of PBL. The role of Lecturer, tutor and practical instructor should be improved through faculty development to faciliate teaching learning proccess in PBL method (Sains Medika, 4(1):30-38).]]>
<![CDATA[Antioxidant Activity of The Crude Carotenoid Pigment Extract from Yellow Ambon Banana (M. parasidiaca sapientum) Peel: Its Potency as Vitamin A Supplement ]]>
<![CDATA[Suparmi, Suparmi]]>;
<![CDATA[Prasetya, Harka]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.389
<![CDATA[Background: Carotenoid pigment is one of the promising sources of provitamin A because it has been shown to have capacity to be converted into vitamin A by the body. This present study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity in vitro using the DPPH and assessing the encapsulation of the crude carotenoid pigment extracted from Musa parasidiaca sapientum peel.Method: The total vitamin A carotenoid in the banana peel was assessed using the double beam Varian Cary 50 spectrophotometer at 470 nm. Then it was converted to microgram per gram of the banana peel using the NAS-NRC equation. The extraction was conducted using acetone. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH (1.1-difenil-2-dipikrilhidrazil). The antioxidant activity of carotenoid crude extract was compared to that of marker â-karoten antioxidant (E-Merck, No. 1.02236). IC50 values were calculated using the regression formula. The dried carotenoid crude extract was encapsulated with dextrin filler.Result: The water content level of ambon banana was 50.68 % ± 3.35 %. The peel of the yellow ambon banana has a total carotenoid of 6.203 ± 0.004 μg/g. The converted carotenoid vitamin A was 124.06 ± 0.08 IU. The IC50 value of the yellow ambon banana crude extract was 2350.3 ppm meaning higher than the marker â-caroten (565.76 ppm). The encapsulation technique increased the pigment stabilization of the yellow ambon banana which will be used for vitamin A supplement.Conclusion: The crude extract of carotenoid pigment of the yellow ambon banana peel has an antioxidant potential although it is less efficient compared to that of â-carotene. The IC50 value of the crude extract of carotenoid pigment of the yellow banana ambon is 2350.3 ppm, higher than marker â -caroten (Sains Medika, 4(1):78-88).]]>
<![CDATA[The Correlation of Exercise and Range of Motion (ROM) on Elderly Knee Observasional Study on Elderly People in Pedurungan Semarang ]]>
<![CDATA[Widyantoro, Adhitya Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Rosdiana, Ika]]>;
<![CDATA[Fasitasari, Minidian]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.383
<![CDATA[Background: In aging process, decreasing of musculosceletal capabilities will reduce physical activity and excercise, as well as Range Of Motion (ROM). In order to maintain the normality of ROM, joints and muscles should be moved regularly. However many elderly people are still less physically active, due to lack of knowledge, no free time for physical activity, and lack of support from the social environment. This study aimed to determine the correlation of excercise on ROM of knee in the elderly in Pedurungan District, Semarang.Design and Method: Observastional study with a cross sectional design 80 elderly men and women were divided into 2 groups: gymnastics group in the Social Rehabilitation Unit Of Pucang Gading (n=40) and unexcercises group in the Penggaron village (n=40). In both groups, the degree of ROM of knee was assessed using the Goniometer. To evaluate the value of its significance, the data were analyzed using the Mann Withney test followed by Spearmann’s rho test.Result: ROM for gymnastic(exercised group) and unexercised group were 115.50°±11.591°, 95.38°±12.780° respectively with p<0. 001. Resuts showed that doing exercise was useful for maintaining ROM of knee in elderly people. Spearmann’s rho test resulted in a strong correlation between ROM and exercise with r value of 0.652.Conclusion: exercise correlates with ROM of knee in elderly (Sains Medika, 4(1):39-45).]]>
<![CDATA[A Child with Tethered Cord Syndrome ]]>
<![CDATA[Safarini, Bekti]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.390
<![CDATA[Tethered Cord Syndome (TCS) refers to a group of neurological disorders related to malformations of the spinal cord, pulling of the spinal cord at the base of spinal canal. Tethered cord syndrome can be seen at any age but most often during childhood. A few children complain of diffuse pain in lower extremitiesor urological symptoms, 20% - 30 % of the patients will have a neurogenic bladder. A 9 years old girl, complained to have a flank pain and eneuresis. A mass is palpable at right flank. Ultrasound revealed duplex hydronephrosis and hydroureter with trabeculated bladder. Voiding Cystouretrography showed grade V vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and neurogenic bladder appearance. Lumbosacral MRI demonstrated tethered cord with adjacent lipoma and spina bifida (Sains Medika, 4(1):89-96).]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Vitamin E Tocotrienol and Its Combination with Ascorbic Acid to Types of Leukocytes White Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) ]]>
<![CDATA[Lestariningrum, Nur Auliani]]>;
<![CDATA[Karwur, Ferry Fredy]]>;
<![CDATA[Martosupono, Martanto]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.384
<![CDATA[Background: Immunity is not separated from the role of leukocytes with various types and functions. Tocotrienol is one of the vitamin E group of compounds with antioxidant properties which to play an important role in cell repair. The aims to determine how much of the effect of vitamin E tocotrienols and its combination with ascorbic acid on the types of leukocytes.Design and Method: Preparation of blood lear dosage edge is a technique used to determine the effect of treatment between types of leukocytes. The design of experiment was conducted with three treatment that feed intake vitamin E tocotrienols and ascorbic acid and their combination with the control and 3 repetitions. Quantitative data leukocyte counts obtained by calculating the percentage of each type of leukocytes in each treatment group and the mean of the data obtained compared with normal leukocyte counts. In addition, the data is processed by the leukocyte counts of variance test using a completely randomized design (CRD) and BNT level of 5% to determine the differences between treatments.Result: The administration of vitamin E tocotrienols and its combination with ascorbic acid influenced significantly (P> 0.05) to increase the neutrophil are 31.66% and 33.66%, 24.33% and 22.33% respectively, when compared with controls. On the other hand, there is a decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes are 26.66% and 29.16%, 19.50% and 17.00% respectively, when compared with controls. Vitamin E tocotrienols and combined with ascorbic acid did not give significant effect (P <0.05) the percentage of eosinophils, basophils and monocytes.Conclusion: The administration of vitamin E tocotrienols and its combination with ascorbic acid to give effect to the increase in neutrophils (Sains Medika, 4(1):46-56).]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of Vitamin in the Nutrition of Premature Infants ]]>
<![CDATA[Ruslie, Riska Habriel]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.391
<![CDATA[Vitamin is an organic compound required as a vital nutrient in tiny amounts. Premature infants are at risk of vitamin deficiency than mature infants, due to inadequate transplacental transport, inadequate storage, and increased tissue utilization. Infant that are born prematurely have a low amount of stored vitamin in their body. The amount that is stored is quickly used as the infant grows. So, vitamin is a very important for development of premature infants. In this review examines the role of vitamin in the nutrition of premature infants (Sains Medika, 4(1):97-111).]]>
<![CDATA[The Study of Mouth Washing Duration with Boiled Uncaria gambir on the Dental Plague Formation ]]>
<![CDATA[Susilowati, Aning]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumarawati, Titiek]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.385
<![CDATA[Background: Dental plague has been known to be the major agent causing dental carries and periodontal disease which are the most common dental and soft tissue diseases with the prevalence of 70-80%. The preventive measure including the use of chemical substance of catechin having anti-plague activity in the form of mouth wash has been shown to have effects on the dental plague formation. The objective of this study was to find out the duration of mouth washing with boiled gambir (Uncaria ambir) on the plague formation in Pondok Pesantren Al-Badriyah Mranggen, Demak.Design and Method: In this study using Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design, 44 samples of subjects was divided into 4 groups of 11 each. Group I, II, II were treated with the mouth wash of Uncaria gambir boiled 2, 3, 4 minutes respectively. Group IV serving as control was treated with mouth wash of water for 3 minutes. The data was analyzed with non parametric test using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Mann-Whitney test with p < 0.05.Result: Kruskal Wallis analysis showed a significant difference in mean of plague before and after the treatment among the four groups (p < 0.05). Mann-Whitney test showed no significant difference between group I and III ( p> 0.05) and significant difference for the rest of the groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The mouth rinse duration using boiled Gambir has been shown to have an effect on the dental plague formation. 3 minute mouth washing shows the optimum effect (Sains Medika, 4(1):57-62).]]>
<![CDATA[Fluid Balance, Interferon-Gamma, Interleukin- 12 and Tumor Necrosis as predictive factors of Survival in Severe Sepsis ]]>
<![CDATA[Subagyo, Djoko Trihadi Lukmono]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.380
<![CDATA[Background: The cardiovascular derangements of severe sepsis in human include arteriolar, venular dilation, capillary leak, and immunomodulatory response. Intravascular volume replacement during resuscitation most frequently converts the circulation to a high-out put hypotensive state. We hypothesized that patients with severe sepsis had any predicting factors to survive than those who do not.Design and Method: Randomized Clinical Trials were conducted of 110 patients suffered from severe sepsis in ICU/HCU. Admission APACHE II, SOFA scores, IFN- , IL-12, TNF-á, and fluid balance were computed from the extracted data. Patients allowed to severe sepsis treatment according with the International Consensus Committee. Summary estimates using both the Mantel-Haenszel test and precision based approaches were computed for statistical analysis.Result: Of 110 patients ranged in age from 46 to 71 years with a mean (± SE) age of 63.45 ± 3.97 years. The mean admission APACHE II score was 25.96 ± 3.65; and the day 1 SOFA score was 9.57 ± 1.24. Twenty one patients did not survive, Non-survival had higher mean APACHE II than survivals (29.85 vs 20.46), respectively (p < 0.01). Higher first day IFN- , IL-12, TNF-á, and SOFA scores (p< 0.01). Whereas 26 patients who achieved a negative fluid balance of > 500 mL on > of the first 3 days of treatment survived (RR 5.0; 95% CI : 2.3 to 10.7, p < 0.0001).Conclusion: These results suggest that at least 1 day of negative fluid balance (<-500mL), IFN- , IL-12, and TNF-á may be a good independent predictors of survival in patients with severe sepsis. These findings suggest the hypothesis that four independent predictors of severe sepsis portend a good prognosis for a larger prospective study (Sains Medika, 4(1):13-22).]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Curcuma domestica Val Extract on Phagocytic Activity of Macrophage in Listeria monocytogenes Inoculated BALB/C Mice ]]>
<![CDATA[Pangestika, Dini]]>;
<![CDATA[Mirani, Erna]]>;
<![CDATA[Mashoedi, Imam D.]]>
<![CDATA[ Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 1 (2012): Januari-Juni 2012 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA) ]]>
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DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i1.387
<![CDATA[Background: Cellular imunological respond is started by macrophage activity as Antigen Presenting Cell, processing antigen in such a way that emerge interactions among immune cells. Listeria monocytogenes infection often used as an example to demonstrate the immune response to the intracellular bacteria. Curcuma has been proven in vitro to have immunomodulatory effect to improve the function of T cell, NKcell, macrophage, and splenocyte. Thus, it is presumed that curcuma extract may influence macrophage phagocytic activity. The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a difference between macrophage of mice inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes after treatment of curcuma extract in stepped dose compared with control.Design and Method: This laboratory experimental research used a Post-Test Only Control Group Design method. The samples were 20 males of balb/c mice. The mice were divided into 4 groups adopted for a week before the treatments for 20 days. The groups consist of control group, group I (receiving 0.13mg/day of curcuma extract), group II (receiving 0.26 mg/day of curcuma extract, group III (receiving 0.52mg/day curcuma extract). Mice were inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes on day 15. After isolation, the macrophage was desensitized using latex beads and observed under the microscope. The data were analyzed using One way Anova test was followed by Post hoc test using SPSS 15 programme.Result: Index of macrophage phagosytosis in control group, group I, II,II were 0.914±0,27, 1.940±0,42, 2.914±0.56, 1.30±0.31 respectively. One Way Anova test showed a difference among each of groups P<0.05 except for group I and II.Conclusion: Curcuma treatment can increase macrophage phagocytic activity on balb/c mice inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes (Sains Medika, 4(1):63-70).]]>
